I used to drive on Route 1 past the large crucifix
by the highway near an old Catholic Cemetery in Aquia Harbor, VA. I
need to get back there and explore this!
Quantico Marine Base is next to Aquia Creek and
the Occoquan River. Could it also be near a Spanish mission that was
wiped out by natives?
Was there really a Spanish mission near
Quantico, VA in the 1500s before there was an English settlement in Jamestown?
Could Ajacan (axa kan) be a pronunciation of
the Occoquan that flows by Quantico?
The Ajacán
Mission (Spanish pronunciation: [axaˈkan]) (also Axaca, Axacam, Iacan,
Jacán, Xacan) was a Spanish attempt in 1570 to establish a Jesuit mission in
the vicinity of the Virginia Peninsula to bring Christianity to the Virginia
Indians. The effort to found what was to be called St. Mary's
Mission predated the founding of the English settlement at Jamestown by about
36 years. In February 1571, all of the party were massacred by local Native
Americans except a youth, Alonso de Olmos. The following year, a Spanish party
from Florida went to the area for revenge; they reclaimed Alonso and in the
course of their confrontation, killed an estimated total of 20 Indians.
From Spanish
descriptions, historians have tried to determine the former site of the Ajacan Mission.
No archeological evidence has been found to reach a firm conclusion. Some say
that the location was at Queen's Creek on the north side of the Virginia
Peninsula, near the York River. Recent findings suggest that St. Mary's Mission
may have been in the village of Axacam on the New Kent side of Diascund Creek,
near its confluence with the Chickahominy River.
Another theory
places St. Mary's Mission near the Occoquan River and Aquia Creek, in
the territory of the Patawomeck tribe in present-day Stafford County.
On October 27,
1935, a bronze tablet was unveiled at the Aquia Catholic cemetery in the
memory of the Jesuits, listing the names of the slain: "Luis De Quiros,
Priest, Baptistan Mendez and Gabriel De Solis, Scholastics, on February 4,
1571. Juan Baptista De Segura, Priest, Cristobel Redondo, Scholastic, Padro
Linarez, Gabriel Gomez and Sancho Zeballos, Brothers, February 9,
1571...".
This site had a
significant nearby native village, a navigable stream flowing in from the
north, and white cliffs. Stratford Hall also has white cliffs looming over the
Potomac River near its confluence with the Chesapeake Bay (as well as the
Rappahannock River).
Interesting
article about old cemetery in Aquia: http://catholicherald.com/stories/History-honor-at-Brent-Family-Cemetery-in-Aquia,30179
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