The
madness of the French Revolution . . .
July
17: The Martyrs of Compiegne
The Martyrs of
Compiègne were the sixteen members of the Carmel of Compiègne, France: eleven
Discalced Carmelite nuns, three lay sisters, and two externs (tertiaries of the
Order, who would handle the community's needs outside the monastery). During
the French Revolution, they refused to obey the Civil Constitution of the
Clergy of the Revolutionary government, which mandated the suppression of their
monastery.
Consequently,
they were arrested in June 1794, during the Reign of Terror. They were
initially imprisoned in Cambrai, along with a community of English Benedictine
nuns, who had established a monastery for women of their nation there, since
monastic life had been banned in England since the Reign of Henry VIII.
Learning that the Carmelites were daily offering themselves as victims to God
for the restoration of peace to France and the Church, the Benedictines
regarded them as saintly.
The Carmelite
community was transported to Paris, where they were condemned as a group as
traitors and sentenced to death. They were sent to the guillotine on 17 July
1794. They were notable in the manner of their deaths, as, at the foot of the
scaffold, the community jointly renewed their vows and began to chant the Veni
Creator Spiritus, the hymn sung at the ceremony for the profession of vows.
They continued their singing as, one by one, they mounted the scaffold to meet
their death. The novice of the community, Sister Constance, was the first to
die, then the lay Sisters and externs, and so on, ending with the prioress,
Mother Teresa of St. Augustine, O.C.D.
When the Reign
of Terror ended only days after their martyrdom, the English nuns credited the
Carmelites with stopping the Revolution's bloodbath and with saving their own
community from annihilation. The nuns of Cambrai preserved with devotion, as
the holy relics of martyrs, the secular clothes the Carmelites had been
required to wear before their arrest, and which the jailer forced on the
English nuns after the Carmelites had been killed. (The Benedictines were still
wearing them when, on 2 May 1795, they were at last allowed to return to their
homeland, where they became the community of Stanbrook Abbey.)
The martyrs are
commemorated on that date in the Calendar of Saints of the Carmelite Order.
Veni Creator Spiritus: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cDhYGdK0KQg
Souvient-tois les horreurs! In pace requiescat!
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