Sep 12: Eat Bagels, Croissants & Cappuccino

Several culinary legends are related to the Battle of Vienna.

One legend is that the croissant was invented in Vienna, either in 1683 or during the earlier siege in 1529, to celebrate the defeat of the Ottoman attack on the city, with the shape referring to the crescents on the Ottoman flags. This version of the origin of the croissant is supported by the fact that croissants in France are a variant of Viennoiserie, and by the French popular belief that Vienna-born Marie Antoinette introduced the pastry to France in 1770.

Another legend from Vienna has the first bagel as being a gift to King John III Sobieski to commemorate the King's victory over the Ottomans. It was fashioned in the form of a stirrup to commemorate the victorious charge by the Polish cavalry. The veracity of this legend is uncertain, as there is a reference in 1610 to a bread with a similar-sounding name, which may or may not have been the bagel.

There is an often recited story that, after the battle, the Viennese discovered many bags of coffee in the abandoned Ottoman encampment. The story goes on that, using this captured stock, Franciszek Jerzy Kulczycki opened the first coffeehouse in Vienna.[40][41] However, this story was first mentioned in 1783; the first coffeehouse in Vienna had been established by the Armenian Johannes Theodat in 1685.[42]

There is no contemporary historical source connecting Marco d'Aviano, the Capuchin friar and confidant of Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor, with the invention of cappuccino.

Date	11 and 12 September 1683[1]
Location	Vienna, Holy Roman Empire (modern day Austria)
Result	Decisive Christian Coalition victory[1] Siege of Vienna lifted Ottoman Turks suffer heavy losses and are severely weakened Coalition of Christians establishes Holy League under Pope Innocent XI to further push back the Ottomans
Territorial changes	Ottomans fail to take Vienna, Coalition (later the Holy League) forces liberate territories in Hungary and the Balkans under Ottoman occupation