For an
explanation of the feast, see The Liturgical Year, the great classic by the
Right Reverend Dom Prosper Guéranger, Abbot of Solesmes, pages 171-195. From
that:
"Two glorious triumphs, two victories won under the protection of our Lady, have rendered this present day illustrious in the annals of the Church and of history.
"Manicheism, revived under a variety of names, had established itself in the South of France, whence it hoped to spread its reign of shameless excess. But Dominic appeared with Mary's Rosary for the defence of the people. On the 12th of September 1213, Simon de Montfort and the Crusaders of the faith, one against forty, crushed the Albigensian army at Muret. This was in the pontificate of Innocent III.
"Two glorious triumphs, two victories won under the protection of our Lady, have rendered this present day illustrious in the annals of the Church and of history.
"Manicheism, revived under a variety of names, had established itself in the South of France, whence it hoped to spread its reign of shameless excess. But Dominic appeared with Mary's Rosary for the defence of the people. On the 12th of September 1213, Simon de Montfort and the Crusaders of the faith, one against forty, crushed the Albigensian army at Muret. This was in the pontificate of Innocent III.
"Nearly
five centuries later, the Turks, who had more than once caused the West to
tremble, again poured down upon Christendom. Vienna, worn out and dismantled,
abandoned by its emperor, was surrounded by 300,000 infidels. But another great
Pope, Innocent XI., again confided to Mary the defence of the baptized nations.
Sobieski, mounting his charger on the feast of our Lady's Assumption, hastened
from Poland by forced marches. On the Sunday within the Octave of the Nativity,
12th September 1683, Vienna was delivered; and then began for the Osmanlis that
series of defeats which ended in the Treaties of Carlowitz and Passarowitz, and
the dismemberment of the Ottoman empire. The feast of the most holy Name of
Mary inscribed on the Calendar of the universal Church, was the homage of the
world's gratitude to Mary, our Lady and Queen." Page 193.
Wikipedia's
article on Sobieski's victory at the Battle
of Vienna is excellent. From that:
"In honor of Sobieski, the Austrians erected a church atop a hill of Kahlenberg, north of Vienna. The train route from Vienna to Warsaw is also named in Sobieski's honour. The constellation Scutum Sobieski (Sobieski’s Shield) was named to memorialize the battle. Because Sobieski had entrusted his kingdom to the protection of the Blessed Virgin (Our Lady of Czestochowa) before the battle, Pope Innocent XI commemorated his victory by extending the feast of the Holy Name of Mary, which until then had been celebrated solely in Spain and the Kingdom of Naples, to the universal Church; it is celebrated on 12 September."
"In honor of Sobieski, the Austrians erected a church atop a hill of Kahlenberg, north of Vienna. The train route from Vienna to Warsaw is also named in Sobieski's honour. The constellation Scutum Sobieski (Sobieski’s Shield) was named to memorialize the battle. Because Sobieski had entrusted his kingdom to the protection of the Blessed Virgin (Our Lady of Czestochowa) before the battle, Pope Innocent XI commemorated his victory by extending the feast of the Holy Name of Mary, which until then had been celebrated solely in Spain and the Kingdom of Naples, to the universal Church; it is celebrated on 12 September."
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